Improved apparatus for carbureting air



E. A. POND. APPARATUS FOR GARBURBTING AIR.

No. 50,491. 4 Patented oqt. 17, 1865.

UNITED STATES PATE T OFFICE.

ERASMUS ALLINGTON POND, 0F RUTLAND, VERMONT.

IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CARBURETING AIR.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 50,491, dated October17, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERASMUSALLINGTON POND, ofltutland, in the county ofRutland and State ofVer|uont,l1avein 'entedcertain new and usefulImprovementsin Gas-Machines, or Apparatuses for Generating[lluminatng-Gas by Charging Atmospheric Air with the Vapor ofHydrocarbon Fluids; and I hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

The invention subject of this patent is based upon the principle which Ihave discovered, that it air be compressed or condensed and in suchcompressed orcondensedform allowed to enter a liquid of a volatilenature, such as the hydrocarbon fluids, it will suddenly expand and bysuch expansion absorb oremhody the vapors of said fluid and becomecharged or saturated therewith. It, therefore, air be forced through atube contracted at its extremity which is submerged in benzine or otherhydrocarbon fluid, it will, on issuing at the contracted end of thetube, expand, and in that condition become charged with the vapor of thefluid. Air charged in this manner with the apor of hydrocarbon fluidsproduces a gas answering the best conditions for illuminating andheating purposes.

From the statement of the principle of this my invention, it will beunderstood that there are numerous ways in which it may be carried intoeflect, and that various simple yet efficient machines involving thesame principle may be made at but little cost of construction and almostwithout liability of getting out of working order.

In the. following description of my invention I shall confine myself tosuch machines or apparatuses the operation of which I haveexperimentally tested, and which proved successful.

The simplest form of apparatus and most readily tested is represented insectional ele-' burner, 41, is similarly secured or packed. "When.

the bottle is closed by the stopper the end of the tube B will besubmerged in the liquid while the burner 12 will be on the outsideot'the bottle. If air be now blown through the tube D it will be.compressed in the tube in proportion directly to the blast and inverselyto the opening at b of the submerged end ofthe tube but on issuing atthe orifice I; the air will rapidly expand and charge itself with thevapor of theliquid, bubble. up through the liquid and collect in theupper part ofthe bottle, whence it escapes or is forced out through thetube D and burner d, where it may be ignited.

Better results may bcobtained by-using for the injection-tube one theextremity of which is bent, as shown in Fig. 6, and which should beinserted in the bottle so that the jet shall be directed upward throughthcliquid. Similar results are obtained by a tube shown in Fig. 7,which, instead of being drawn into a small circular opening-thatis tosay, bygradually diminishing its diameteris flattened at its extremityso that the terminal opening shall be capillary, or so narrow as toproduce the desired degree of compression of the air before issuing fromthe tube. By a tube thus constructed, however, a larger amount of airmay be forced through a given-sized tube.

In Figs. 8, 9, and 10, moditioationsin the construction of the tube ormethod of contracting the same are shown and indicated.

In Fig. 8 the tube, instead of being contracted at the submerged end, isclosed by means of a plug of rattan or other reed-like wood in which thecellules form small tubes through which the air is forced by the actionof the air-pump. The air will issue through these tubular cells or poresof the wood in line streams, each ot'which will expand and charge itselfwith vapor, as before described. 1n Fig. 9 the tube is closed by meansof aporous mineral substance, and in Fig. 10 a number of small capillarytubes are cemented into the endoftheair supplytubeB. Smallcontractedtubes may branch from the main tube at thesides as well as at the ends.

I and, if desired, tested.

Obviousmodifications would be made in the construction of the apparatusif designed for practical use or as a permanent machine.

In Figs. 1,2, 3, and 4 I have shown such gas-m achines. Fig. 1represents a vertical sec tion of a machine consisting of afluid-vessel, A, from the bottom of which rises the end of theair-supply pipe B. This pipe is connected with an air-pump, blast-wheel,or other airforcing apparatus, operated by spring-power mechanism,weight, or otherwise. It may be coiled, as shown in Fi 1, or simply bentupward, so as to discharge the air into and through the mass of fluidcontained in the vesset. The opening ofthe pipemay be contracted asshown in Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8. 9, or 10, or, as shown in this instance, itmay be closed by a cluster of small tubes, 0. The air forced throughthese small tubes is charged with vapor and collectedin the upper partof the vessel and forced into and through the pipe D, which may beprovided with a suitable burner, d, or supply other :pipes leading toburners. Fig. 2 represents a modification, whereby the air is moreperfectly diffused through the mass of fluid. The air-supply pipe iuthisinstance terminates in two contracted branch tubes, T, which support twoconcentric horizontal annular pipes, 1*,(see Fig. 3,) which areperforated with numerous small holes through which the compressed airfinally escapes in fine streams but diffused through the mass of fluid.More or less such annular pipes may be used, according to the amount ofgas desired to be produced. In Fig. 4 the airsupply pipe is shownprovided with a wire-gauze or perforated plate partition, W, theetfectot which is to divide the column of air into fine streams, to-

more thoroughly pervade the liquid.

Having thus fully described my invention, and the manner in' which thesame is or may be carried into effect, what-I claim is- 1. The methodherein described of charging atmospheric air with the vapor ofhydrocarbon fluids by the discharging the air through contractedopenings into the mass of fluid, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

2. The method herein described of charging atmospheric air with thevapor of hydrocarbon fluids by dividing the column of air anddischarging the same into the. liquid in small streams, substantially ashereinbefore described and shown.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification beforetwo subscribing witnesses.

E. A. POND.

Witnesses:

' Jos. L. CooMBs,

EDM. F. BROWN.

